Archbishop Ireland, U.S.A. as statesman and theologian supports I. Revolt against tyranny. II. Government by Republic

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ARCHBISHOP IRELAND, U.S.A. AS STATESMAN AND THEOLOGIAN SUPPORTS I. Revolt Against Tyranny. II. Government by Republic. "Were John Ireland not Archbishop of St. Paul he would be President of America."—Roosevelt. These Extracts are taken from a discourse delivered at the Third Council of Baltimore by Dr. John Ireland, late Archbishop of St. Paul, 10th November, 1884. The principles herein contained are a full vindication by America's foremost Statesman and Theologian of the Irish Republic proclaimed by Padraigh Pearse and the Men of Easter Week, 1916, and ratified by Plebiscite of the Irish people December 28th, 1918. Before God the Irish Republic lives to-day. Before the nations it will live ere long. With Dr. Ireland millions of Americans salute the Irish Republic and say Esto Perpetua. Long may you live. REY. EDMOND O'SHEA, Philadelphia, Pa., U.S.A. AUTHORITY SACRED ONLY WHEN PEOPLE APPOINT. Authority is from God, and civil governments rule by Divine right. But observe in what way, according to Catholic principles, civil governments are constituted. God does not appoint for a people a particular form of government, as He did, for instance, in the case of the Church; nor does He select the particular men who are to wield authority. All this is committed to the people. They select the ruler and make choice of the form of government. God invests the people's candidates with sovereignty, subject to the conditions and limitations with which the people circumscribe it. There are no kings or rulers by Divine right in the sense that specified men or families are directly called by God to reign, or that specified governments are authorised by Him. RULERS GOVERN BY THE WILL OF THE PEOPLE AND DERIVE THEIR JUST POWERS FROM THE CONSENT OF THE GOVERNED IN THE SENSE THAT THE CONSENT, THE CHOICE OF THE GOVERNED, IS THE CONDITION UPON WHICH HEAVEN CONVEYS AUTHORITY. THE PEOPLE DECIDE THE WAY AUTHORITY IS EXERCISED. The principle of the intervention of the people in the selection of their government is the primary condition of civil liberty. The people decide for themselves in what manner sovereignty shall be exercised over them; they are a party to the contract with their rulers. They decree whether the full sovereignty shall be confided to one person or individual among several; whether a ruler shall hold office for a number of years or for his lifetime; whether his sovereignty shall come to an end with himself or be transmitted to his heirs. There is an absolute Monarch or a King with Lords and Commons, or a President with Senators and Representatives, as the nation is pleased to elect. "There is no prohibition to nations, the rules of justice being otherwise observed," says Leo XIII., "to choose for themselves that sort of government which benefits their temper or accords with the traditions and customs of their race." Republic, Monarchy, Empire—all forms of government fare alike before the Church; in all of them the authority is Divine, and toward all of the…